After the grape picking, the five management of greed is the key

At present , grape harvesting is over, and field management will be put on the agenda as the focus of grape production. However, some farmers often overlook the management of fruit harvesting. In fact, post-harvest management is as important as the management of flowering and fruiting. Because the post-harvest management is good, it can promote the rapid lignification of grape branches and the conservation of tree nutrients, laying a solid foundation for high-quality and high-yield production in the coming year. Therefore, never relax. In combination with the actual situation of grape production, the next step in management should focus on the implementation of the following five management measures:

 

First, apply good autumn fertilizer to prevent premature aging. The base fertilizer in autumn is the most important fertilization in the grape growth cycle. The application time should be “not too late”, generally not more than November . Because the autumn temperature and soil temperature are higher, it is beneficial to the decomposition and utilization of the base fertilizer, prolonging the functional period of the leaf, preventing the leaves from falling off prematurely; it is also beneficial to the rapid recovery after root growth and root injury ( due to fertilization ) . Generally, in the early autumn, the ring-fed fertilization method is adopted for the young tree, and the annular fertilization ditch with a depth of 20 to 30 cm is excavated 30 to 50 cm outside the trunk . Adult trees can be selected according to the circumstances of the radiation ditch fertilization method, the ditch fertilization method. Radiation ditch fertilization method is to open a shallow to deep ditch to each side from 30 to 50 cm from the trunk , and the length depends on the row spacing of the plant. Note that when the main root to avoid trenching, after every 1 to 2 years to replace the position of the radiation groove fertilization 1; grooves between rows is fertilization, strain occasionally interlaced with manual or mechanical ditching fertilization, can be combined with deep plowing. General mu decomposition of manure 1000 ~ 2000 kg or 2000 to 3000 kg high farmyard manure, 25 kg of fertilizer, superphosphate 50 kg applied to the trench, then casing.

 

Second, protect the leaves from falling off. After harvesting the grapes, try to keep the leaves of the grapes as much as possible to prevent premature detachment, because the leaves of the grapes are still undergoing photosynthesis in October, increasing nutrient accumulation. Premature deciduous leaves are not conducive to nutrient accumulation and mature branches. Therefore, except for the leaves of the pests and the leaves that have been dried, the other leaves should be extended as much as possible. Can be used after harvesting 0 . 3% urea, O. 2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, O. 1% mixture of boron spraying, spraying once every 5 to 7 days, 3 to 4 times. If the relative tree is strong, it can be sprayed or not sprayed to prevent the new shoots from growing and consuming nutrients.

 

Third, reasonable pruning control is prosperous. After the fruit is harvested, the grape vines will continue to grow, and this should be reasonably controlled to prevent excessive consumption of tree nutrients. Reasonable control, that is, the growth of branches and vines is conducive to the maturity of the branches, and the main vines and the retained secondary shoots are thick and strong, the buds are full and full, and the winter shoots are not germinated, and the tree nutrients are ineffectively consumed. Excessive growth of dendrites, topping addition to taking, except Fushao measures such as 25% may be sprayed mepiquat 50--60 ml of solution flourishing inhibit, reduce nutrient consumption. At the same time, the branches should be properly pruned, the thick branches should be kept, the weak branches should be left, and the dense branches, thin branches, and pests should be removed early. However, it is not advisable to cut off the secondary shoots and the old leaves after harvesting. This will not only affect the ripening of the branches in the same year, but also easily induce winter buds, which will seriously affect the growth and results of the plants in the coming year. Generally, no leaves are picked and less tips are removed after harvesting. branches and leaves.

 

Fourth, cultivating loose soil broken knots. In the autumn orchard, weeds are mixed, and the operations such as picking management are frequent, the soil becomes more compact, and the soil permeability is deteriorated. Therefore, after the grapes are harvested, it is necessary to timely cultivate the loose soil and weed it, and carry out deep turning. Deep ploughing depth, the base of the fruit tree is generally about 18 cm. This will not only help the soil in the park to be loose and breathable, but also preserve water and fertilizer, and promote new root growth. The vineyards eliminate weeds in a timely manner, which is conducive to pest control and vine growth. When weeding, conditionally choose artificial weeding, and finally consider chemical weeding, herbicide selection of paraquat, orchard to disable glyphosate weeding to prevent adverse effects on fruit trees.

 

Fifth, clear the orchard to prevent pests and diseases. After harvesting the grapes, the branches trimmed in the orchard, the dead leaves, the diseased leaves, the remaining diseased fruit, the tendrils, the damaged bagging, and the weeds in the garden should be removed. Clear out of the park and carry out a deep or burnt. In this way, it is beneficial to reduce the density of pests and diseases in the garden and reduce the incidence of pests and diseases in the next year. At the same time, grape leaves are vulnerable to downy mildew, powdery mildew, white rot, brown spot disease and other diseases. After picking the grape fruit, 40 % Ethylphosphorus aluminum wettable powder 300 times solution, 65 % Dyson zinc powder 500 times solution, 35 % Resveratrol 800 times solution, 64 % antivirus 矾 500 times solution, 77 % can be killed. 500 ~ 800 times alternately spraying and the like, spraying once every 10 days. Downy mildew was found with metalaxyl Mn-Zn or 400 times Lu Ke 600--700 times spraying. At the same time, pay attention to 2 . 5 % of the enemy killed pests such as chafers, grape hawk moths, and two-star spider mites. Be sure to carry out a comprehensive clearing of the garden before applying the medicine.