One-time firing of clay glazed tile

The key technology of a single firing is to improve the adhesion of the crucible to the blank.

The requirements can be met by controlling the fineness and concentration of the glaze strategy and fully drying and preheating the billet and adding clay and organic binders.

In addition, compared with the second firing, a firing glazing should be slightly thicker and the heating rate should be slower. The holding time should be appropriately extended.

Key words: clay slate tile, one-time firing. Category No. Literature Identification Number Article No. 1 of a clay glazed tile is a layer of colored glaze on top of a common clay tile.

It not only inherits the advantages of ordinary clay tile raw materials, wide source, convenient local production process, simple and cheap durability, but also has the features of low water absorption, anti-leakage, beautiful and generous rainwater self-cleaning and so on.

Compared with traditional glazed tiles, it has the characteristics of being free from resource constraints and having a low production cost to facilitate widespread promotion.

Cheap and attractive clay glazed tiles are the ideal upgrades for traditional roofing waterproofing materials. Clay glazed tiles are produced in one firing and two firing processes.

The second firing is in the finished tile.

Glazed and glazed.

This process has a high yield, but the high energy consumption and low production efficiency.

The first firing was to directly glaze the tile and the firing was successful in the kiln.

It has the advantages of low energy consumption, less production process, high production cost and low cost, and is easy to popularize and apply.

Glazes that are suitable for primary firing are also generally suitable for secondary firing.

Therefore, this project mainly studied the first firing technology of clay glazed tile.

The sintering temperature range is as follows: a) The water absorption rate of the X-Si substrates is high. Due to the high content of quartz in the clay, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the coarse-grained bodies of the mud is lower, and the coefficient of thermal expansion in the room temperature to the range is a surface roughness. The chemical composition of the soil T head than Q Chuan Nai. The dishes are healthy and cloudless.

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The composition and performance characteristics of the snake blanks in the clays used in the test are shown in the chemical composition of the clay slabs. The clay content in the clay is high, but the content is low, and there are several...

In addition, it can be known from the analysis that the content of water white muscovite keratin belonging to clay minerals in tile clay is relatively low, the main non-clay minerals are quartz and weathered albite, and there is a certain amount of iron wollastonite calcite and white clouds Stone and other impurity mineral map.

Therefore, the low sintering temperature and easy to study the composition of the burned glaze can be known from the results of the research on the chemical composition of the mineral composition and the process performance of the tile clay. The sintering temperature is lower and the coefficient of thermal expansion is smaller. The water absorption and the porosity are higher. The mating glaze is a low temperature glaze with a low coefficient of thermal expansion.

After analysis and comparison, we believe that the lead borosilicate system can meet the requirements of these two major performances at the same time, so we chose this system for research.

In addition to the proper combination of the three main oxides of lead borosilicate, in order to improve glaze properties and reduce the cost of glaze, we have also introduced other oxides such as Qiu Yichang.

In order to facilitate the application and promotion, the various raw materials used in the experiment are bulk mineral raw materials and industrial-grade chemical raw materials.

In order to reduce costs, under the premise of satisfying the performance requirements, as much as possible with low-cost mineral raw materials, less expensive chemical raw materials.

Since the raw materials such as boric acid and boric acid are easily soluble in water, and the specific proportion of lead oxide is high, it is easy to precipitate in the glaze slurry. Therefore, we choose to not use the melting date to the edge. Author brief introduction Chen Jianhua (Men M, Dafeng City, Jiangsu Province, People's Hospital, Ph.D., Yancheng Associate Professor of Engineering.

Glazing technology of the first glaze of Yancheng Institute of Technology .

The borax borate reddish limestone and part of the quartz sand feldspar are mixed together and melted for more than one hour to obtain a transparent glass liquid free of stones with only a few bubbles, and then quenched into a frit in water, dried and crushed and iron-recovered use.

The design chemical composition of the frit and the actual chemical composition of the frit along with other raw materials and colorants, after weighing the ingredients, the goal grinder grinding into glaze.

Glaze was first applied to the finished tile, and a secondary firing test was performed using a different firing system.

Select from the lower firing temperature, lower thermal expansion coefficient, better glaze quality, brighter color and meet the test requirements of glaze square, and then conduct a firing study.

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Applicable to coffee, red brown and other warm-colored glazes, because these pigments require the base glaze to be a zinc glaze, which must contain a certain amount of zinc oxide, to help it develop the color cabinet.

It is suitable for cold-colored glazes such as chrome green peacock blue. Because these pigments contain a few, the color of the chromate formed by the intestines and venomous reaction turns the color gradually into gray, so the ribs are removed from the test and then the red dan is added. The base glaze was designed for color glazes containing chromium oxide in the pigment.

The results of laboratory tests and factory tests have proved that these two basic glaze squares have a wide range of firing temperatures and are in full compliance with the firing characteristics of the marble slabs, and the glazed luster has a good combination of solid blank glaze.

The coefficient of thermal expansion of the coffee glaze made of extra color material from room temperature to the size of the chromium green glaze made by adding the color material to the blank is smaller than that of the green body.

And over the entire temperature range, the thermal expansion characteristics of the billet and the glaze match well.

The chemical stability of both chrome green and coffee glazes was determined.

The particle size of a chrome green glaze and coffee enamel powder boiled in water after precipitation.

The quantities were qiaozhou and wolfberry, respectively, and the color of the solution did not change before and after boiling.

This shows that the chemical stability of the two glazes is excellent in durability.

The research and practice of the primary firing process proved that after the secondary firing test of the glaze composition, the glaze properties matching the hue and pure glaze quality with good quality glaze formulation were selected, and the glazing on the green body was not carried out once for firing. It must be able to achieve good results.

It is also necessary to make appropriate adjustments to the process system according to the actual situation in order to achieve the intended purpose.

The suspension and stability of the glaze slurry is mainly due to the use of lead-boron glazes, which are mainly fritted, and the specific gravity of the raw materials is relatively large. The suspensibility of the glaze slurry is relatively poor and it is easy to sink.

The commonly used solution is to add a binder clay and use the colloidal properties of the bound clay to improve the suspensibility of the slurry.

In combination with clay, it also has a role in improving the adhesion of the glaze.

However, the content of general harmful impurities, especially iron oxide, in the combined clay is high, and the amount should not be too high.

After testing, the bentonite introduced in the glaze can keep the glaze suspended and stable for a long time, and no sinking occurs.

However, the bentonite has a strong thixotropy, and for a while, the flowability of the glaze slurry is greatly reduced.

This is very detrimental to the production operation.

After our experiment, we confirmed that adding a glaze can effectively improve the flow properties of the glaze slurry under the premise of ensuring the suspension and stability, maintain stability and flow for a long time, and meet the technical requirements of transport glazing on glaze stability And mobility requirements.

Glaze adhesion to the billet.

Because the plasticity of tile clay is better, the moisture in the glaze is not easy to spread to the inside when glazing is applied. After the glaze is applied, the glaze is not strong in adhesion to the blank and even forms delamination, which easily leads to glazing and shrinkage. Burning problems.

After many experiments and research, we finally found a solution to this problem.

First, the glaze fineness and glaze concentration are properly controlled.

Practice has proved that the glaze is too thick, the suspension stability of the glaze slurry is not good, the adhesion of the glaze to the billet is not high, and the maturation temperature is increased, which also has an adverse effect on the glaze gloss.

The glaze is too thin, and the melting temperature is too low, which is not conducive to the elimination of gas in the tile during firing, and is likely to cause glazed defects such as pinhole glaze.

In addition, high or low glaze concentration has a significant adverse effect on glaze adhesion.

Through experiments, it is found that the more suitable process parameters for glazing are the time of grinding of the ball water, the fineness of the glaze is more than 10,000 mesh, and the specific gravity of the glaze is the next, and the glass is fully dried and preheated.

When the glaze is glazing, the water content of the blank must be lower than that of the other glazing. It is better to preheat the bake blank to above, so as to increase the suction speed and the bonding strength of the blank glaze.

Otherwise it will cause the glaze to attach badly or even fall off.

Third, add organic binders.

Adding organic binders can greatly improve the adhesion of the glaze.

It has been tested for polyvinyl alcohol, sodium methyl cellulose (a variety of organic binders.

The first issue of Chen Jianhua et al.

One-time firing of clay glazed tiles has been confirmed experimentally. Adding one can greatly improve the adhesion of the glaze.

Not only does the enamel powder not easily fall off after glazing, but also the glaze layer does not easily warp and delaminate to cause a lack of enamel glaze shrinkage glaze.

Also, it contains a small amount of susceptibility to suspensibility and stable fluidity.

Glazing and firing clay glazed tiles are generally glazed on one side, and suitable glazing methods are glazing and glazing.

Because the reaction between the blank glaze is more intense at the time of firing, and the initial density of the blank is low, the middle layer of the blank glaze is thick, so the glaze layer should be slightly thicker.

Otherwise it is easy to cause no light dry glaze.

But it should not be too thick, because the glazing is too thick, the water diffusion of the blank is slower, it is easy to cause delamination of the blank enamel and affect the adhesion of the glaze.

Therefore, the suitable amount of glazing per piece of flat tile is dry enamel powder. Due to the relatively thick clay slab, one-time firing and second firing are performed at the same firing temperature in order to fully sinter the blank. Speed ​​should be properly reduced, especially within one.

It is best to hold a certain amount of time at 75 or so references.

Because we can see from the enamel curves of the clay slabs, the slab clay releases gas in the structure and releases gas, resulting in obvious weightlessness.

If the temperature is increased too quickly, the gas will not be able to be removed before the glaze is closed.

Conclusion The local ordinary clay slabs have a low thermal expansion coefficient at low firing temperatures. The use of lead borosilicate frit glaze can meet these two major performance requirements at the same time.

The physical and chemical properties of the appearance quality of clay glazed tiles can meet the quality requirements.

The key to primary firing is to increase the adhesion of the glaze to the blank.

The requirements can be met by controlling the fineness and concentration of the glaze slurry, drying it and preheating it, adding clay and organic binders.

Compared with secondary firing, primary firing should be slightly thicker and the heating rate should be slower. The holding time should be extended appropriately.

Wang Hao, Wang Qiufang.

Glazed tile production process bricks and tiles, Chen Jianhua, Xu Fengguang, Chen Jinghua.

Low-temperature firing clay glazed tile enamel research building materials journal, a Deng Jinyuan.

Glaze products glazed glaze combination and glaze research ceramics, Yi Yi Su Yang, a glaze and pigment Liu Kedong, translated by Liu Guangyue.

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