Fire prevention of household electrical appliances with popular knowledge of daily fire prevention

What is home? Sociologists say: Home is the smallest cell of society; Marriageists say: Home is a world of affection dependent on wind and rain; Architects say: Home is a house with walls on all sides and a roof filled with furniture; Firefighters Say: Home, be safe.

Let's tell you what hidden fire hazards are in your home, let's check it!

air conditioning

Fire hazard:

1. The load capacity of the circuit is not considered when installing the air conditioner, "small horse drawn cart", severe overload; air conditioning cooling and heating suddenly shut down or power outage; the heating wire and fan motor are cut off at the same time or the fan fails; heat dissipation in the machine Not timely.

2. The capacitor is heated, damp, and the insulation performance is reduced, resulting in breakdown failure, and then igniting the combustible material inside the igniter, causing a fire.

3. When installing, connect the air conditioner directly to the power circuit without safety device.

4. Dividers and gaskets in the machine are mostly combustible materials, which are easily ignited by sparks generated when the capacitor is broken down and spread to curtains and other decorative objects.

How to prevent:

1. The power cord should use copper wire, and its section should not be less than 2.5 square millimeters.

2. Do not install it directly on combustibles, or place it on combustible floors or carpets. The power cord should be well insulated, and should never be dragged on the ground.

3. Try to avoid curtains and other air conditioners, or use flame retardant fabric curtains. According to past lessons, curtains are the main medium for the spread of fire in window-type air conditioners. Do not place combustibles directly under the hanging air conditioners.

4. Another reason why the air conditioner should not be close to curtains, curtains and other hanging objects is to avoid being caught in the motor and causing the motor to heat and catch fire.

5. Do not cut off and turn on the power of the air conditioner continuously in a short time. When the power is cut off or the power plug is unplugged, be sure to put the selector switch in the "stop" position, and then follow the startup steps again after turning on the power.

6. Each air conditioner should have a separate fuse and power socket, do not share a socket with a computer, etc. When going out, the power supply of the air conditioner should be cut off.

7. In the event of thunderstorms, it is best not to use air conditioners, because the air conditioners do not have lightning protection function, the air conditioners installed in high buildings are difficult to avoid the invasion of thunder and lightning.

8. Air conditioners that have been out of operation for a long time must be inspected and maintained before restarting. If they are put into operation without any failure, they must not be operated with a disease.

Water heater

Fire hazard:

Water heaters are divided into electric water heaters and gas water heaters. The service life of electric water heaters is 8 to 10 years. The service life of gas water heaters for liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas should not exceed 8 years, and the service life of gas water heaters using artificial gas should not exceed 6 years.

How to prevent:

1. When purchasing gas water heaters, don't just consider the price, use qualified products from regular manufacturers.

2. The power supply of the electric water heater must have a reliable grounding wire, the household power supply system must have a leakage protection device, and the leakage protection switch must be frequently tested for leakage.

3. In the TT system (power supply system where the metal shell of the electrical equipment is directly grounded for protection), the electric water heater equipped with a leakage protection plug must not use a power socket with a switch, because the leakage protection plug cannot work after the power supply of the socket is turned off. When the line is energized, it cannot provide protection.

4. The location of the power socket should be set in a place where water cannot splash, and use a splash-proof socket.

5. Do not use straight row gas water heaters.

6. When there is a fire during the use of the gas water heater, the gas valve should be closed in time to effectively cut off the gas power supply; use the wet bedding and clothing to cover, so that it can suffocate and stop burning.

7. It is recommended that residents, especially those on low floors, choose stainless steel gas metal hoses. Compared with rubber hoses, they have the advantages of anti-rat biting, strong corrosion resistance, small pressure loss, good flexibility, etc., and stainless steel metal hoses and gas The appliance is connected with a safe thread, which is not easy to fall off.

TV set

Fire hazard:

1. When the TV is working, transformers, kinescopes, electronic tubes, transistors and other components will emit a lot of heat. If the environment in which the TV is located is poorly ventilated, or the user watches the TV program for too long, the indoor temperature is high, and the heat is not smooth, then May cause fire.

2. After watching the TV, if you do not unplug the TV power plug, some of the TV's transformer will heat up, and the temperature will rise for a long time, and it may also cause fire.

How to prevent:

1. The TV is best placed in a well-ventilated location, especially in summer, the insulation performance of the TV will deteriorate, resulting in excessive temperature of various components, short circuit, and fire accidents.

2. Thunderstorm weather, try not to watch TV.

3. When it is not just a TV, you must remember to unplug or cut off the power when all kinds of electrical appliances are not in use. In case of fire, cover the TV with thick cotton quilt, and do not cover with chemical fiber clothing to prevent ignition. When extinguishing fire, approach the TV from the side to prevent the picture tube from exploding and hurting people.

4. Use a fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire, and it should not be directed at the TV screen to prevent it from exploding when it suddenly encounters cold after being heated.

refrigerator

Fire hazard:

1. The temperature of the junction box of the compressor is too high.

2. The voltage is too high instantaneously.

3. Three-point line short circuit (for example, a mouse enters the refrigerator and bites the wire to cause a short circuit, or cockroaches gather around the compressor to form a wire break).

4. The thermostat fails.

How to prevent:

1. The circuit in the home must have a leakage protector. When the electrical appliance is short-circuited, the circuit will directly trip to avoid fire.

2. When the refrigerator is working, do not continuously cut off and turn on the power. After power failure, it takes at least 5 minutes to restart; when the electrical control equipment of the refrigerator fails, it should be stopped immediately for inspection and repair. It is necessary to prevent moisture from entering the temperature-controlled electrical switch.

3. Do not put flammable and explosive materials such as gasoline, alcohol, adhesives into the refrigerator, nor can carbonated beverages such as canned beer and soda be placed in the refrigerator to avoid explosion.

4. Ensure that the refrigerator is dry and well ventilated, and do not plug combustible materials behind the refrigerator; the refrigerator power cord should not contact the compressor and the condenser.

5. Replace the refrigerator when it is due. The service life of the refrigerator is generally 10 to 15 years.

Patch panel

Fire hazard:

1. There are still some old national standard plug-in boards (the so-called "universal" plug-in boards appear on the market, this kind of "universal" plug-in board that can be compatible with two or three levels or even European standard plugs, due to the jack The gap is large, the contact area between the socket tab and the electrical plug is too small, it is easy to cause the contact tab to overheat and cause a fire, so it was banned by the state as early as 2010.

2. As with all household appliances, the plug-in board also has a rated power, but some people insert the plugs of high-power appliances such as induction cookers, microwave ovens, air conditioners, etc., or one plug-in board and several plug-in boards. Fire accidents caused by overload and short circuit caused by this are not uncommon.

How to prevent:

1. According to the power of the electrical appliance, select the appropriate plug-in board, the rated power should be large but not small.

2. Choose a plug-in board with a ground wire and a new national standard non-universal hole socket, and choose a regular manufacturer's product.

3. The plug-in board of high-power electrical appliances should be used alone as much as possible.

charger

Fire hazard:

The charger can convert high-voltage electricity to low-voltage electricity. If the charger is not unplugged from the socket for a long time, and it is not connected to a charging device (such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, etc.), this is "no load". There is also current passing through at "no load". Leaving the charger in working state for a long time will accelerate the aging of electrical appliances and increase the possibility of causing short circuits, fires, explosions, and accidental electric shocks.

How to prevent:

1. When charging electrical equipment, try to have someone present, and pay attention to the temperature of the charger and whether there is burnt smell during charging. If the temperature is too high, there is obvious hotness or burnt smell, etc., stop charging first, and then charge after checking the cause and performing necessary treatment.

2. When fully charged, unplug the charger. For convenience, you can also buy a safety socket with a power switch. When not charging, press the switch on the safety socket to disconnect the power supply.

3. Do not answer the phone while charging to avoid electric shock.

4. Choose to buy a charger that meets safety standards, and try to use the original charger.