Watermelon cracking vines cause, watermelon cracking vine prevention

Causes of watermelon cracking

Watermelon cracking vine is a physiological disease caused by drastic changes in temperature or fertilizer. In the production, the longitudinal crack of the vine is more common, which leads to the damage of the grooming tissue, causing the slow growth of the vine, the small body and the poor quality. The yield decreased. When it was serious, the melons stopped growing, the pests and diseases occurred in large quantities, the fruits were wilting, and the whole plant died and died.

1, the variety is not suitable

Some varieties in production are more susceptible to cracking vines, such as Zheng Zai, Zhongyi Black Overlord, etc. Some varieties have slight or no cracked vines, such as Double Happiness and Jinzhong Guanlong. In 2012, Zheng Zai and Hei Chong Hei Bawang, which were planted in Luojiadian and Caobi, Qianyang County, Shaanxi Province, had cracked vines. The average rate of cracking was 5.3%, and the yield was reduced by 2.6%, causing large losses to the farmers, and Dazhai, The rate of red double happiness cracked in Qianxi Village is only 0.1%, and basically no cracking vines occur.

2. Climate impact

Mainly due to drastic changes in temperature or greater impact from rainfall. Cracked vines often occur in early summer, when the temperature stability is poor, especially in the morning and evening, the temperature difference is large, easy to cause cracking vines. Sudden rainfall during the mid-summer season is most likely to cause cracking vines. In severe cases, the rate of culling can reach more than 80%, and often accompanied by cracking. In the summer of 2010, Qianyang County continued to have a high temperature for 1 month and then experienced continuous rainfall for 4 to 5 days, resulting in a large number of watermelons, with a rate of 23%, and a reduction of more than 10%. The losses were heavy.

3. Cultivation management is unreasonable

It is more prone to cracking vines when planting watermelon in low-lying land, sticky soil and thin soil. Unreasonable water supply in management, flooding of large water, high-temperature irrigation, insufficient organic fertilizer, and partial application of nitrogen fertilizer can cause watermelon cracking.

Watermelon blight control

1. Choose the right variety

In production, we should observe and compare more. When selecting varieties, we should not consider the yield alone. We should combine various factors and try to choose varieties that do not crack or vines, such as Double Happiness, which has good performance in recent years, high yield, excellent quality and disease resistance. Strong and cracked vines are worth promoting.

2. Strengthen cultivation management

1 Reasonably choose the land to choose fertile sandy loam with high terrain and good drainage.

2 Improve the cultivation method and change the traditional open field cultivation to mulch film, double film cover cultivation and greenhouse cultivation, which can effectively reduce or even eliminate the occurrence of cracked vines, greatly improve the quality and yield of watermelon, and increase the benefits. Millennium and Dazhai Village adopt the pattern of greenhouse watermelon and greenhouse vegetable rotation, which effectively eliminates the occurrence of cracked vines. The production of Manzhai red brand watermelon is bright, bright red, sweet and refreshing, high in sugar content and juicy in meat. The fragrance is pure and well-known in the surrounding area.

3 Strengthen the management of water management of fertilizer and water to maintain balanced supply as the principle, and properly control, strictly control the amount of irrigation, in order to keep the soil dry and see wet, irrigation should use small ditch irrigation, drip irrigation, seepage irrigation, sub-film submerged irrigation Strictly prevent flooding of large water; it is suitable to irrigate in the evening or at night, avoid watering at noon high temperature, and drain and prevent flooding after rain. Rational fertilization, mainly organic fertilizer, appropriate control of nitrogen and phosphorus, potassium, phosphorus, potassium ratio of 1:1.5:1.8, generally 667 m2 applied soil fertilizer 5 000 kg, ammonium bicarbonate 50 kg, superphosphate 80 kg, potassium sulfate 90 kg, promotes the melon vines to strengthen and strengthen the crack resistance. In the production of organic fertilizer, oil residue, human waste, livestock and poultry soil manure, and biogas fertilizer can be used. Among them, the biogas fertilizer is better, which can not only reduce the cracking vine, but also increase the sugar content and yield of watermelon. Effective prevention of various pests and diseases should be promoted.

3, timely calcium supplement

The growth of watermelon stems and leaves is accelerated, the internodes are elongated, the leaf area is gradually enlarged, and the buds are flowering. This stage is the key period for calcium supplementation to prevent cracking. In this period, 2 to 3 times of 0.3% calcium nitrate solution is sprayed. It can increase the cell wall thickness, increase the hardness and strength of the mechanical tissue, and improve the crack resistance of the melon.

4, pharmaceutical protection

For the protection of the vines that have occurred, the agent should be protected in time. 3g of 43% tebuconazole granules can be used for 5kg of water, and the cracking area can be applied with a brush, or 50 kg of 5% toxic water-clearing agent can be applied to the 1 kg of water. If the application is not applied, a broad-spectrum protective fungicide should be sprayed in time for protection. The agent can be used with 80% mancozeb wettable powder 600-800 times solution or 68.75% zocilidone manganese zinc water dispersible granule 1 200 times solution. Or 10% anti-mycin WP 10,000 to 1,500 times solution. When bacterial infection occurs in the wound after cleavage, 80% mancozeb wettable powder 600-800 times liquid or 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder 500 times liquid can be sprayed, sprayed 7 times in 7-10 days, even spray 2~ 3 times.