Treatment measures for sow reproductive disorders

Sow reproductive disorders are caused by infectious diseases and by non-infectious factors. Non-infectious infertility in sows mainly includes sluggish puberty in young sows, no estrus after weaning in postpartum, no pregnancy after mating, weak estrus and ovarian cysts.

First, the initial situation is slow

Large gilts with normal growth and development, if they do not see estrus after 7 months of age, can be considered as puberty.

(1) Reason

1 ovarian hypoplasia: more often in chronic gastrointestinal diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, parasitic larvae. Due to ovarian hypoplasia, there is no large follicle development in the ovary so that enough hormones cannot be secreted to cause estrus.

When observing the pig, it can be found that the ovary is small and has no elasticity, and the surface is smooth and has no concave and convex shape. Even if there is follicular development, it is shaped like rice grains. It can not grow to the size of soybean grains, and it can not find traces of past estrus and ovulation.

2 Insufficient heterosexual stimulation: The puberty of the pig is determined by genetic factors in the morning and evening, and is related to the time when the gilts begin to contact the boar. Experiments have shown that when the sows reach 160-180 days of age, they can be directly stimulated with sexually mature boars, and the puberty period can be advanced about 30 days. At the same time, it is proved that the stimulating effect of boars and sows exposed to 1-2 hours per day is the same as that of continuous contact between boars and sows. It is better to use multiple boars for multiple stimulations than to use the same boar.

3 improper management of feeding: gilts are too low or too high in nutrition during the breeding period, so that the sow's body condition is too thin or too fat will affect the normal arrival of sexual maturity. Although some body conditions are normal, in the early feeding, the feed lacks vitamin E, biotin and other nutrients in the long-term, the development of gonads is inhibited, and sexual maturity will be postponed. Furthermore, it is advisable to raise 4-6 heads per lap, and raising 1 head in a single circle has an adverse effect on the estrus of the sow. Overcrowding and frequent fighting can lead to delays in the puberty.

4 Quiet estrus: Individual young sows have reached the age of sexual maturity, and their ovarian activity and follicular development are normal, but they do not show estrus symptoms or do not show standing reflexes in the presence of boars. This phenomenon is called quiet estrus or weak estrus.

Weak estrus can take certain measures, sows can be pregnant.

There are significant differences between the varieties in this case. Introducing pig breeds and breeding pig breeds, the estrus performance is not obvious, especially the gilts.

For sows with slow estrus, different measures can be taken according to different situations.

1 Nutritional regulation: Sows with weak body condition should strengthen nutrition, short-term superior feeding, supplement high-quality green and green feed, so as to reach 7-8 percent as soon as possible; limit feed for over-fertilized sows, more exercise and less feed until Restore the body condition.

2 Management measures: The sows are circulated. Boar stimulation. Over-fertilized sows are starved and halved with previous feed.

3 Hormone induction: estrus and ovulation were induced by 800-1000 units of pregnant horse serum in non-estrus gilts, and 600-800 units of HCG were injected to express estrus and follicular mature ovulation in 3-5 days.

4 Consider genetic factors: Take a variety of measures, sows are not seen in the puberty period at 9-10 months old, may be genetic reasons or other reasons, should be eliminated in time to avoid causing more losses.

Second, the sow does not estrus after weaning

The estrus of the sow after weaning is different because of the season, the weather, the time of breastfeeding, the number of breastfeeding, the sensation of the sow at weaning, and the recovery state of the reproductive organs. Especially for the feeding management of lactating sows is particularly important.

The general rule is: after weaning, due to the rapid degradation of the corpus luteum, follicles begin to develop, and the genital area is red and swollen on the 3rd to 5th day, and can be bred on the 7th day. In the high temperature and high humidity seasons in summer, the time of re-estrus after weaning is slightly delayed. Generally, most pigs can be bred on the 10th day after weaning.

Abnormal situation: After the 10th day, there is still no estrus, considering improving the management of feeding.

After the 15th day, there is still no estrus, and it should be treated as a estrus. If we are not sure, we can wait for the time of an emotional period.

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(a) Reason

1 Age parity: Under normal circumstances, 85%-90 of the sows showed estrus 7 days after weaning. However, only 60-70% of the gilts estrus in the first week after the first delivery. This is the phenomenon that the second-born sows in the world's pig industry are not estrus. The main reason for this phenomenon may be that the gilt body is still developing, and the body maturity is not fully achieved in terms of body weight; the gilt has been over-bred during the first childbirth, thus making the mother The pig uterus recovery process director.

There is another problem that arises at the same time as this issue. This is the reduction in litter size in second-born sows. But if the hormone method is used, this problem can be solved.

2 temperature and light:

High temperature: Ovary and estrus activity are inhibited when the ambient temperature reaches 30 °C or higher. In July, August and September, the weaning rate of weaned adult sows was higher than that of other times, and young sows were particularly noticeable. These sows can be estrus for more than a few dozen days. The season has a significant impact on the estrus of the sows outside the house and in the house. Daily light for more than 12 hours has an inhibitory effect on estrus.

3 Pig size: Adult sows that are individually housed after weaning have a higher estrus rate than sows raised in groups. The reason is that as the herd grows, they bite each other, increasing the incidence of hoof limb disease and breast disease, and the nutrient absorption effect is worse; the effect of boar and artificial observation of estrus is worse.

4 Nutrition: The most common cause of ignorance is energy deficiency. For sows, the condition at the time of breeding has a lot to do with feeding during lactation. Therefore, it is necessary to control the weight loss of the sow to a minimum level during lactation, especially for gilts. After one week of lactation, the sow should be fed ad libitum. In the hot summer season, the appetite of the pigs should be guaranteed. Sows raised in groups are subject to special maintenance for individual lean sows.

5 management factors: in management, familiar with and master the sow's estrus identification technology. Have better breeding facilities.

(ii) Prevention

1 Strengthen the management of sows.

For lactating sows, the daily feed requirement is 2.5 kg, and the feed is increased according to the number of piglets, and each piglet is increased by 0.3 kg of feed; or the sow is fed ad libitum. After weaning, the sows should be combined according to the body condition and the body condition is poor. Relatively thin sows should be kept separately.

Test boars and sows once a day to promote sow estrus.

Adding vitamins and minerals to sow feed, or feeding green feed to supplement vitamins, can promote estrus.

Increase sow movement and light time to avoid sows being too obese and not estrus.

(three) treatment

Principle: Rational use of medication based on correct diagnosis.

For primiparous sows, 1000-1500 units of pregnant horse serum are injected intramuscularly on the day after weaning. After sows, the sows are still not estrus for 15 days, pay attention to observe the estrus, and still can't see the estrus in 21-23 days. According to the state of the lyrics and the size of the body, the serum of the pregnant horse is 1000-1500 units, and the HCG500 is injected at the same time. unit.

The sow has been estrus for more than 3 times, and is still not pregnant, that is, the sow is not pregnant. Its incidence increases with the increase in the sow population. This type of pig accounts for 8-10% of the pigs eliminated from the farm.

(1) Reasons: The reasons for causing sows to be mismatched may be divided into two types according to the time after mating or the time of artificial re-estrus.

1. The sows that re-estrused 21 days after mating were re-estrus in the range of normal cycle days, indicating that their ovarian function was normal. In this case, there are three reasons for the absence of a fetus after breeding: 1 The disorder of fertilization occurs. Such as factor uterine inflammation or uterine secretions hinder sperm movement and survival, sperm can not reach the fertilization site; salpingitis or edema, pus and ovarian adhesions, etc., can cause fallopian tube atresia, can not be fertilized. 2 fertilized egg death: or due to early or late insemination of estrus, and the use of long-term semen; or due to boar heat stress increased after mating, leading to early death of fertilized eggs; 3 embryos died within 12 days after mating. That is, before the implantation of the embryo in the uterus, the abnormal composition of the uterine milk is often affected by high temperature, biting, arranging, transporting, and feeding excessive concentration of feed or mildew feed, which affects the embryo. The bed died quickly.

2. Sows that estrus after 25 days of breeding, due to mating or postpartum reproductive organs infection, embryos die and are absorbed, and all intrauterine embryos disappear. The sow can re-estrus. If the death of the fetal bones after death, it can cause dry corpse, long-term stagnation in the uterus, can cause the sow not estrus.

3. Causes the sows to be unmarried after breeding. In addition to the factors such as bacterial infection, imbalance of hormone secretion and improper management of sows, semen should be used for boar examination, especially in hot summer semen quality. There was a temporary decrease and the conception rate was severely affected.

(2) Prevention: 30-40 mg of progesterone or 6-8 mg of estrogen, intramuscular injection on the day of breeding; or 30-50 ml of 25% glucose solution, 750 mg of chloramphenicol, after the last breeding (insemination) Injecting into the uterus in 3-4 hours, the conception rate can reach 74.23%-80.32%. For the above-mentioned pathogenic reasons, this is an effective measure to prevent the unborn child after mating.

Fourth, ovarian cysts

(1) Etiology: Ovarian cysts are the most common diseases in porcine ovarian diseases. One or both ovaries can occur. Some vesicles can be more than 5 cm in diameter, and there are dozens or more of such vesicles. The weight is more than 500 grams. Some pregnant sows also have 1-2 cysts. The growth, development, maturation of follicles and the balance of FSH and LH in the pituitary. In particular, the balance between FSH and LH on ovulation is particularly important. If the balance is not reached and the amount of LH is reduced, ovulation does not occur, and a lot of foam is gradually accumulated in the follicles to increase the follicles. Many cysts have a diameter of more than 14 mm. One of the causes of ovarian cysts is excessive secretion of thyrotropin.

(B) Symptoms: ovarian cysts are divided into follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts. Pigs mainly form corpus luteum cysts, and their clinical symptoms are not estrus. When slaughtered, it can be found that the cystic corpus luteum is composed of several layers of corpus luteum cells. When the pathogen is diagnosed by rectal examination, a grape-like sac can be found in front of the cervix. To complete a diagnosis, it should be combined with clinical observation to see whether it is estrus or not.

(3) prevention and treatment of swine disease: treatment of ovarian cysts, can use luteinizing agents, such as luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) or human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), etc., causing corpus luteum degeneration. LHRH100-300 micrograms, one intramuscular injection, and rectal examination to determine the ovarian reactivity, repeated use 2-4 times. From treatment to estrus for about 22 days, the estrus rate reached 77.4% (41/53), and the conception rate reached 70.3% (26/37). In addition, intramuscular injection of anterior pituitary gonadotropin (APC) can also be obtained. Good conception of the fetus; progesterone 40 mg intramuscular injection also has an effect.