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Occupational disease, old, not new, come again
According to statistics from the Anhui Provincial Hospital for Occupational Diseases, 927 new occupational diseases were added in 2012. In 2013, 490 new occupational diseases were added, of which pneumoconiosis accounted for 88.4% of the occupational patients, with a total of 433 cases. At the same time, other new types of occupational cases have also increased. "In one sentence, the overall situation of this year is that the old ones will not go, and the new ones will come again." According to Chen Yuchun, deputy director of the Anhui Provincial Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, some traditional occupational diseases are still high this year, but at the same time, due to the acceleration of industrialization, There have been some new occupational diseases. "New compounds are threatening 'blue collars', such as imported anti-corrosion materials, solvent supplies, etc., without protection, will cause problems in the skin, nerves, and blood system of the practitioners. The other is the occupational hazards gradually experienced by white-collar workers. Such as electromagnetic, microwave radiation, satellite communications, etc.. Chen Yuchun said that various forms of occupational diseases are on the rise, this year, the proportion of new occupational diseases has reached 15%.
The prevention and control of occupational diseases in enterprises is not optimistic
Since Chen Yuchun was engaged in the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases, he has repeatedly entered the factory to check the prevention and control of occupational diseases. He has a sense of powerlessness.
In the mining enterprises, he saw underground rock drillers and rock loaders working without wearing dust masks; most open-pit mine mining sites spray water dust-proof devices were not installed or not used normally, staff masks, earplugs The protective equipment is not distributed or not worn properly.
In the ceramic industry, the drying, press, raw material crushing and other processes, the cutting and polishing processes in the stone processing industry, the sawing, planing, milling, grinding machines, grinders and other work processes in the furniture manufacturing industry, he saw that there are enterprises Set up a centralized or partial exhaust dust removal system.
In the industries of shoemaking, leather processing, luggage processing, etc., he saw that the workplaces using adhesives were not separated from the hazardous operations and harmless operations. The key positions did not have local exhaust detoxification facilities, and the operators did not wear activated carbon respirator (masks). ), rubber gloves and other effective protective equipment are on the job, posing a great threat to the health of workers. In addition, in order to save costs, some manufacturers have not even used protective equipment such as dust removal equipment, exhaust and detoxification, resulting in serious dust and poison in the workplace, and the operators only wear a simple mask, which does not protect.
"We only play a technical guidance and reminder role, and there is no punishment. Whenever I see this phenomenon, I am very sad." Chen Yuchun said, "There are also many companies that do very well in the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. Go to the enterprise to look at and make recommendations for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases." Chen Yuchun said that the overall feeling is that state-owned enterprises, joint ventures, and foreign enterprises pay more attention to the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases, and private enterprises, small workshops and other prevention and control awareness are very poor.
Four major factors lead to high incidence of occupational diseases
The reasons for the serious situation of occupational disease hazards are very complicated. Chen Yuchun believes that to curb the spread of occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis, four issues need to be resolved:
—— A large number of SMEs lack effective occupational health management models and are seriously under-invested in improving working conditions and operating environment. At the same time, the management personnel of some enterprises have a weak legal awareness and do not fulfill the main responsibility of occupational disease prevention and control as stipulated by the law, at the expense of laborer's health in exchange for high profits.
—— Local governments have insufficient understanding of occupational hazards and inadequate supervision and enforcement. The establishment and access of new construction, reconstruction, expansion and technological transformation projects with occupational disease hazards are not strictly controlled, leading to the early prevention of occupational disease hazards.
——The management of labor and employment is disordered and the social security system is imperfect. In some areas, small and medium-sized enterprises such as small coal mines, small metal mines, small textiles, and small workshops with high occupational diseases are still not prominent in the formalities of employment and non-signing of labor contracts.
—— Laborers’ self-protection awareness is poor, and it also increases the difficulty of occupational disease prevention and control.
Occupational hazards have less knowledge and prevention, and the awareness of protection is weak. Enterprises do not fulfill their obligation to inform occupational hazards and carry out relevant knowledge training. Many workers, especially migrant workers, do not have protective skills and are not aware of their labor protection rights and obligations, and do not know how to Safeguard their own legal rights and interests in occupational health. Many workers find that they have pneumoconiosis after returning home, and it is very difficult to find work injury identification and compensation.
To solve the four problems of the spread of occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis
Abstract The Kunshan explosion has caused people to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. In fact, these tragedies of occupational diseases that "kill people without seeing blood" have increased dramatically with the rapid development of China's manufacturing industry in recent years. The reporter learned from the Anhui Provincial Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Ann...
The Kunshan explosion has caused people to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. In fact, these tragedies of occupational diseases that "kill people without seeing blood" have increased dramatically with the rapid development of China's manufacturing industry in recent years. The reporter learned from the Anhui Provincial Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute that there were 490 new cases of occupational diseases in Anhui Province last year, including pneumoconiosis, recessive poisoning and noise.