1 problems in the use of pesticides 1.1 improper control of the appropriate period Most growers do not use drugs in the early stages of crop disease, and it is quite common to see no insects or disease spots, accounting for about 85%. In the early stage of the disease, the pests and diseases of most crops are very light. At this time, the effect of the drug is good, easy to prevent, and the drug is labor-saving: after a large-scale outbreak, it is difficult to control, and it requires a lot of control costs, and it costs a lot of effort. At most, it can only be controlled within a certain range of damages, and it may be used only when it has caused a greater loss. 1.2 Planters' lack of common sense of pesticides In the gradual liberalization of the pesticide market, the quality of pesticide operators is uneven: some have undergone formal system training and learning; some have only participated in short-term training organized by the plant protection department; some have not even participated in short-term pesticides. Knowledge training. more than this. They use farmers' lack of knowledge about pesticides, earning money for their own interests, and misleading farmers to use drugs. 1.3 can not do symptomatic medication In prevention and control. The misuse of the pesticide or the misuse of the pesticide should be used. That is to say, the insecticide can not cure the disease, the disease can not kill the insect: or the ability to identify the symptoms of pests and diseases is weak. The wrong use of pesticides that are not symptomatic. It is a medicine that treats diseases such as pests. Do not use different types of pests and diseases depending on the crop. Failure to purchase safe, efficient and economical pesticides and delay the prevention and control of the period, resulting in losses. Therefore, before using pesticides, you should bring the symptoms of the damaged crops to the plant protection department for consultation. Strive to achieve the symptomatic use of pesticides. 1.4 improper use of liquid concentration When using pesticides, carefully read the instructions for use and apply water as indicated. In order to reduce the workload, there are often more drugs and less water. When spraying insecticides or fungicides, the sufficient amount of water is very important, because the eggs and germs are concentrated on the back of the leaves and the surface layer of the soil. If the water consumption is small when applying, it is difficult to spray evenly throughout the plant. The killed residual eggs and residual bacteria are easily erupted under the conditions of suitable humidity: Secondly, the concentration of the liquid medicine can increase the resistance of pests and bacteria and the possibility of phytotoxicity. Foliar fertilization when used at high concentrations. Not only is it not absorbed by the crop, but also causes the body fluid of the crop to be extravasated, resulting in physiological drought. When the concentration of hormonal pesticides is too high, it may be counterproductive or cause crop growth abnormalities. Therefore, if the concentration is not well controlled, not only will it not be effective, but it will also be counterproductive. 1.5 Failure to apply as appropriate. Not enough pesticides In the peak period of the occurrence of pests and diseases, although the prevention and treatment can achieve a certain effect. However, with the loss of pesticides and decomposition failure, as well as the infection of adjacent plots, there are still hidden dangers of pests and diseases. It should be administered intravenously two or three times at intervals of 7 to 15 days to achieve the best control effect. After foliar fertilizer and hormonal pesticides are sprayed, the plants can only be absorbed from the leaf surface in a small amount. It should be sprayed “small times†during the application period to achieve the desired effect. 1.6 Application of highly toxic pesticide residues Some farmers friends are applying pesticides. I like pesticides that are highly toxic, have obvious effects, and are pill-treated. Most of these drugs are highly toxic and have high residual amounts. After the crops are absorbed, they will remain in the crops for a long time. After humans and animals have reached a certain dose. Will cause poisoning. Bring security risks. 2 Countermeasures and recommendations for rational application of pesticides 2.1 symptomatic purchase and use of pesticides There are many types of pesticides, and different pesticides have different control scopes. According to the type and characteristics of the control object, choose the most suitable pesticide variety and dosage form. According to the local and seasonal crops, pests and diseases should be purchased. If you do not understand the symptoms of pests and diseases, do not blindly purchase and apply pesticides. Collect specimens to the local plant protection department or consult with agricultural technicians. After the symptoms of the disease are confirmed, the symptom can be used. 2.2 Selection of efficient, safe and economical pesticides Do not use pesticides that have been deteriorated, ineffective, or prohibited by the state. Do not use pesticides that are damaged, incomplete or unclear; use the product name, specification, registration number, quality approval number, production license number, net weight, and production. The name of the plant, the site, the instructions for use, the precautions, the toxicity mark, the date of manufacture, the quality guarantee period, the batch number, etc., can mark the complete pesticides in order to achieve cost savings and improve the effectiveness of the control, so as not to use fake and shoddy pesticides. 2.3 timely application When applying pesticides, it should be selected in the most sensitive stage or the weakest link of pests and diseases. Premature and late application will affect the effect of prevention and treatment. For example, the prevention and control of rice secondary and tertiary mites should be carried out when the eggs are inoculated and the larvae are not drilled into the rice stalks in order to obtain better control effects. The effect of applying pesticides is also affected by the weather. If the application is carried out under conditions such as strong winds and rain, the control effect will be greatly affected. When applying in windy weather, the droplets of the liquid will drift with the wind and will not fall evenly on the surface of the crop, thus reducing the control effect; in rainy days, the liquid will be washed away directly by the rain. Causes loss, affects control effect; application at high temperature at noon will accelerate the volatilization and decomposition of the liquid and reduce the control effect. 2.5 Appropriate and appropriate dosage When applying pesticides, it should be based on different dosage forms of pesticides. Different application methods are used. If powder is applied, water spray cannot be applied; for underground pests, seed dressing, poison bait, etc. should be used; for pests that are often in the back of the leaf, application to the back of the leaf should be applied during the application to improve the efficacy. Excessive use of drugs, prone to phytotoxicity. If the dosage is too small, the expected effect will not be achieved. According to the instructions for using different pesticides, the appropriate and reasonable water dosage should be mastered, and the dosage should not be increased or decreased at will. Xps Extruded Polystyrene,Flame Retardant Extruded Board,Exterior Wall Extruded Board,Basement Exterior Wall Extruded Board Zhengzhou Ou Nuo Building Materials Co., Ltd. , https://www.jcyuounuo.com
2.4 See the day to apply medicine