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Discussion on the Design of High Quality Drinking Water Project
Abstract: With the engineering examples, the determination of water consumption standard in high-quality drinking water system, the purification technology of high-quality drinking water and the design of pipe network are introduced. Keywords: Quality Drinking Water Purification Process Engineering Design Brief on Design of High Quality Drinking Water Lu Ronghai Abstract: The decision of water quota, the purification process and the design of distribution network of High Quality Drinking Water system are described with engineering practice in this paper. With the social and economic development, people are demanding daily drinking water quality. Ordinary tap water due to serious water pollution, the traditional coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and other processes to remove suspended solids and colloids in the water addition to the user in the secondary pollution is also very serious, people are eager to drink high quality assured water. Sub-quality water supply system is a way to solve this contradiction, that is, residents of drinking water and water supply for general living, now a small area in Suzhou as an example to introduce the design of high-quality drinking water projects. The district consists of a 12-story office building, a 7-storey commercial and residential buildings and two 10-story residential composition, residential standards higher. 1 quality drinking water water standards As people's living standards improve, residential water consumption in addition to drinking water, but also cooking, washing fruit water, the water consumption is no information to be investigated, after taking into account the residential water standard take 6L / (Person.d). Taking into account the small number of users, water and other characteristics of concentration, when the coefficient of variation take Kh = 4, the highest daily household water consumption Qd = 2.9m3 / d, the highest water consumption Qh = 0.48m3 / h. Office water standards take 2L / (people. D), Kh = 1.5, Qd = 3.5m3 / d, Qh = 0.66m3 / h. Total total water consumption Qd = 6.4m3 / d, Qh = 1.14m3 / h. 2 purification process introduction Quality drinking water treatment facilities put in the basement office building pump room, the treatment process points pre-treatment, reverse osmosis and post-treatment 3 parts. 2.1 pretreatment part of the mechanical filter, activated carbon filter. Mechanical filter sand filter is mainly to remove impurities in the water particles, suspended solids, reduce turbidity and reduce the burden of follow-up treatment, the internal filling filter for the ceramic, tap water after the mechanical filter into the activated carbon filter, activated carbon filter Mainly remove the organic matter in water and residual chlorine. 2.2 Reverse osmosis part of the core of the entire processing facilities, reverse osmosis equipment has the advantages of compact structure, small footprint, high water consumption and energy consumption. Relying on the pressure greater than the osmotic pressure to promote the removal of water salts and minimal bacteria, viruses and so on. Therefore, reverse osmosis is not only used in medicine, electronics and other industries, but also for the treatment of tap water to provide quality drinking water, reverse osmosis part, including precision Filters, high pressure pumps, reverse osmosis membrane modules and instrumentation control facilities. Precision filter to further purify the water and remove the pre-stage loss of tiny particles in the work process, the filter accuracy of 5μm. The water after pretreatment by the precision filter, the high pressure pump to a certain pressure into the reverse osmosis membrane module, continuous removal of water 98% of inorganic salts and most of the organic matter, bacteria, viruses and so on. The water blocked by the membrane is drained into the open ditch of the pump house through the sewer pipe. Reverse osmosis membrane is an aromatic polyamide composite membrane, reverse osmosis device for the spiral. Its advantage is the compact equipment, low cost, the disadvantage is the pre-processing requirements, or easy to plug. Mechanical filters, activated carbon filters and reverse osmosis part of the package for the combined type, processing capacity of 1m3 / h, water production rate of 50%, compact equipment, covering only 3.2m × 1.0m. The complete set of combined processing equipment runs fully automatic, PLC programmable control, mechanical filters, activated carbon filters, precision filters with timing control, regular backwash through the solenoid valve. Another according to the reverse osmosis plant inlet and outlet pressure rise automatically control the reverse osmosis membrane cleaning. Due to the use of composite membrane membrane, so the water supply pH range, about 4 ~ 11. Feed water temperature has a certain impact on water production, temperature increases the viscosity of water decreases, then the membrane water permeability is increased water production. The reverse osmosis equipment operating temperature is generally required 10 ℃ ~ 45 ℃. When the water temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the water production will decrease by about 50%. The winter water temperature is low and the water yield is also low. However, the water consumption in winter is also low, or can meet the water requirements. 2.3 After-treatment part of the traditional chlorination can produce carcinogens such as trihalomethanes, tetrachlorethylene and other aliphatic compounds, and chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene and so on. UV disinfection can solve these side effects. And equipment and management are relatively simple. The disadvantage is that chlorine can not be like chlorine disinfection can maintain the role, the solution is to lay the loop loop back to the pipe network, part of the water cycle back to the net water purification station clean water tank, and then to the indoor UV disinfection to prevent water Local water pipe formation of stagnant water and deterioration of drinking water. Water purification station filters, water tanks, pumps are made of stainless steel. 3 pipe network design Each household kitchen taps equipped with a faucet, two taps in the office building and two electric water boilers interface. To ensure safe and reliable water supply, outdoor water supply pipe ring layout. In order to ensure that the water consumption at night does not form stagnant water, the water supply riser are set back to the loop, loop loop back into the loop. The water pipe diameter is determined according to the 0.25 equivalent of each tap to calculate the second flow, the flow rate generally take 0.5m / s ~ 0.8m / s, diameter DN15 ~ DN40 between the diameter of the return pipe to take DN15. Return pipe connected to the water purification station 3m3 net water tank, to ensure that users have enough water and water pressure and water fresh quality. Regional quality drinking water pipes and return pipe and regional life water pipes laid along the road parallel. High-quality water in the regional ring network and unit inlet pipe inspection valve, the valves are stainless steel valves. Each household kitchen water meter set, each unit into the household water meter set, especially the household water meters require low flow, high precision, at present there is no such product, it is difficult to accurately measure, I hope the domestic water meter manufacturers according to the needs of the market development Such high-precision water meter. High-quality drinking water pipe on the pipe is very demanding, in order to prevent secondary pollution of water pipes, the traditional galvanized steel easy to rust, scaling, breeding bacteria, while the stainless steel tube performance is good but the price is expensive. All high-quality drinking water pipes and return pipes in this design are made of Jinnuo PEX pipe which is cross-linked polyethylene pipe. The pipe is insoluble in water at normal temperature, does not rust, does not scale, does not breed bacteria, long-term work pressure 1.25MPa, good insulation and frost resistance, light weight, easy installation, anti-aging, and service life of more than 50 years. Construction management should be strengthened and the quality of pipeline interface should be strictly checked so as to prevent seepage from polluting water quality. Another construction to keep the tube clean to prevent impurities in the tube to cause secondary pollution. 4 Conclusion High-quality drinking water supply is gradually universal, the state should develop the corresponding norms as soon as possible. Water quota, depth of treatment, to take the technology, pipe network layout, the selection of pipe should be clear. Pipeline quality drinking water system should be regularly tested for water quality, problems immediately resolved.