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According to the analysis of the current authoritative organizations, in terms of copper and aluminum resources, China’s copper resources are more abundant than aluminum resources, and by 2020 China’s controlled copper mines can meet all domestic demand. At present, China’s copper mines “ "Storage and production ratio" is 16-17 years; bauxite "storage and recovery ratio" is 6-7 years; China's reserves are global, bauxite is 3%, and copper is 4.4%; in addition, China invests 10 billion US dollars, At present, the size of overseas copper mines is equivalent to twice the domestic reserves, and by 2020 it can fully meet domestic demand.
In recent years, aluminum production capacity has become oversupply, and raw material copper prices have risen rapidly. Various discussions in the cable industry on the “discussion between copper and aluminum cables†have continued. In the view of the industry, aluminum alloy cables have a low cost and are convenient to transport and operate; copper core cables have large current carrying capacity, low voltage loss, low energy consumption, and have operational safety characteristics. Therefore, they are used in both power grids and urban distribution networks. There is a heated debate.
In North America Europe, the aluminum alloy conductor is one of the aluminum conductors, and the aluminum alloy cable is one of the aluminum core cables. In Europe, except for overhead lines, power cables use only copper or common aluminum (that is, 1 series aluminum conductors), and aluminum alloy conductors are not widely used. The key to cable applications is the system performance between cables and joints. The cable body, once considered at the cost of Baosteel's Zhanjiang project, had planned to use a large number of aluminum alloy cables, but due to the risk of joints and the stability of the power grid operation, the loops with cable joints were replaced with copper core cables.
Copper core cable safety factor
By the end of 2014, China’s State Grid City’s cable rate reached 47.1%. Generally speaking, most of underground cables in cities are using copper core cables, while aluminum core cables are used in areas where overhead lines are needed, such as in coastal areas. Although the price of aluminum alloy cable is lower than the price of copper core cable, the resistivity of aluminum core cable (including aluminum alloy) is about 1.68 times higher than that of copper core cable, which will cause loss of power transmission in urban grid, and aluminum (including aluminum) Alloy) melting point is much lower than copper, so the maximum allowable temperature of aluminum core cable (including aluminum alloy cable) is lower than copper core cable, and the thermal stability coefficient is only 60% of copper core cable, which means that at high temperature, outdoor installation In the power grid environment, copper core cables have a higher safety factor than aluminum alloy cables. Of course, aluminum core (including aluminum alloy) cables have their own advantages in bridges, enterprise applications and low-voltage power supply sites.