Shi Yigong: Who is our paper for? In fact, they are working for the West for free!

Shi Yigong, 48, was hired as the youngest full professor in the history of the Department of Molecular Biology at Princeton University at the age of 36; a lifelong professor at the age of 40; and a foreign academician at the American College of Arts and Sciences at the age of 46, the United States Academician of the Academy of Sciences, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Shi Yigong, 48, was hired as the youngest full professor in the history of the Department of Molecular Biology at Princeton University at the age of 36; a lifelong professor at the age of 40; and a foreign academician at the American College of Arts and Sciences at the age of 46, the United States Academician of the Academy of Sciences, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 2008, he gave up his post as a professor of lifelong lectures in the United States and became the first member of the “Thousand Talents Program” in China. His blunt slogan about "Chinese education" on different occasions is often thought-provoking. The article we shared today is from his keynote speech on the development of innovative talents in China at the Third Annual Meeting of the European and American Alumni Association and the Chinese Students Association in September 2014. Our university's scientific research orientation is to direct teachers and students to publish articles in Western magazines. Our research results are written in English and published in Western magazines, and our engineers are unable to learn from our latest achievements, because these Western magazines are very expensive to subscribe, few companies subscribe in the country; and most engineers have difficulty understanding English articles. Therefore, the research work of our universities and research institutes is actually free labor for the West, and sometimes paid for publication in the West, which is equivalent to serving the West. This is the biggest problem of university orientation in China. Today, our GDP is second in the world, but looking at the innovation capabilities of technological innovation and basic research, we are ranked 20th as a country. I don't know which one of you can face this number with peace of mind. We have a population of 1.4 billion. We claim that we are hardworking, brave and intelligent. We claim to attach importance to education, science and technology, and talent. After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, we can find various reasons. We are still just getting started. The "Cultural Revolution" has just ended more than 30 years, but no matter what, I hope that everyone can have such awareness, that is, ours. The strength of science and technology, innovation and technology are ranked 20th in the world. Some people may doubt that if I say something wrong, I will say that we are all catching up with the sky and catching up with the sea. How can we not be innovative enough? We all have high-speed rails all over the motherland. How can we rank 20 in science and technology? What I want to say is that the indicators and phenomena you see are determined by economic strength, not by technological strength. What advantage do we have? We take advantage of the economic volume. Please don't forget that when we signed the "Sincere Treaty" compensation of 980 million yuan in 1900, China's GDP is also the world's number one, but the big does not mean strong, this is a heavy reality we face. When I am overseas, as long as someone says bad things about my country, I will try to argue because I feel that I am patriotic. I received the award at the annual meeting of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in April. At the dinner, I chatted with a well-known Swedish professor. When I talked about China's technological development, he was very disdainful. I felt very wronged and very angry, but I An understatement said: "In any case, our country's moon landing has been realized, where are you?" But he replied with a sentence, let me say nothing. He said: "Professor Shi, if we have your Chinese economy, we can send 500 people to the moon and come back safely." At home, I feel that I am a critic because I can hardly tolerate ourselves. Be prepared for danger. We should have a clear understanding of the country's scientific and technological strength and status quo, how to develop, how to do it must also have a clear understanding, and form a certain consensus, rather than just stay at the level of arguments to argue. First of all, I want to say that the university is the core. Chinese universities are very interesting. For example, at Tsinghua University where I am studying, students must accept “employment-led education” from the beginning of enrollment. Tsinghua University, Tsinghua University, must guide students to work, so that students always have a string in their minds, called "employment", I think it is incredible. The first point I want to make is that research universities are never employment-oriented and should never talk about employment in college. Employment is only an export. If the university runs well, it will naturally “employ” and how to run a university with the purpose of “employment”. Employment is an economic issue. How much employment will be provided if the Chinese economy reaches a certain level, and it has no direct relationship with the university. Universities, especially research universities, are places where talents are cultivated and where national leaders and national leaders are cultivated. What do you expect to get students to go in after they go in? That is, everyone is desperately trying to drill into the field of making more money. Where did the 70% to 80% of the college entrance examinations in Tsinghua go? Go to the School of Economics and Management. Even my best students, the students I want to train the most, tell me: boss I want to go to a financial company. It's not that finance can't be innovative, but when all the elites in this country want to go up financially, I think this country has a big problem. Management is in Tsinghua University. At Peking University, it is very hot in China. This is a violation of the law of education. The idea of ​​running a school is to train professionals and deliver screws to the industry. However, the university is a place to cultivate talents and cultivate elites and leaders of various industries in the country. It cannot be confused. I can't use it. You have not misunderstood, we used to emphasize the use of science. When I was in college, I felt that it was useless to learn a course, so I didn't have to go. In fact, studying at a university, especially undergraduate study, has never been used. But this does not mean that you can't use it, because you can't predict the future. Whether it's scientific development or technological innovation, you can't predict it. This unpredictable will happen forever. If you predict it, it will not be called innovation. The fundamental orientation of the university has a big problem, so what should I do? In fact, it is very simple, the Ministry of Education has loosened the university. The university is diversified. The government should not stretch its hands too long. Don't cut across the board. Don't use every school to guide employment. Every school uses the indicator of employment to assess leadership. This has serious interference with the university. I also have a view on basic research. Our country places great emphasis on the transformation of results. The most common phrase now is to "strengthen transformation." But I want to ask, where does the transformation come from. Our university is because there are a lot of high-tech that have not been transformed into productivity, or do we not have these high-tech at all? I think it is the latter. Our university's current basic research ability is too poor to be transformed. It is not a lack of transformation, there is nothing that can be transformed. When a university professor has a result, no matter how basic the invention is, as long as there is application prospects and the possibility of industrial transformation, there will be multinational companies flocking. I am an example. Fourteen years ago, when I had a simple discovery that I didn't realize, I was stared at by a company and came to me. These companies are just like the vicious dogs, they are watching, listening, they are very sensitive, and it is impossible to miss a meaningful discovery. What is the last straw that crushes the camel? It is to encourage scientists to start a business. Everyone did not hear the mistake. I heard this after I heard this at the National People's Congress this year. There is a specialization in the industry. I only understand my basic research and understand a little education. You let me do business management, run a company, and be a president. This is where my talents and wisdom are used in the wrong place. It is impossible for a person to be a university professor while being a company manager and to manage finance. From leadership to school, from the central to the local, we are encouraging science and technology personnel to start a business. This is not right. We should encourage science and technology personnel to transfer results and patents to enterprises. They can participate in the form of consulting and scientific consultants, but let them go out and do business. I think this view is a lot of controversy, but I am undoubtedly convinced. Let me give you an example. Joseph Goldstein won the 1985 Nobel Prize winner for discovering LDL receptors that regulate blood and intracellular cholesterol metabolism. He is the behind-the-scenes controller of many large companies in the United States, including Pfizer, who is now very wealthy and should be said to be the one who most emphasizes transformation. He wrote an article in Science Weekly two years ago, slamming a special emphasis on transformation. He said that transformation comes from basic research, and how can it be transformed when there is no strong basic research. He said that when he realized how important basic research is, he only did basic research, and the transformation was a matter of course. When the research results were made, the natural transformation was very fast, and there was no need for destructive growth. He cited his process at the National Center for Health Research, where nine medical students did basic research to change the history of medical pharmacy in the United States. It was very interesting. We must look at history, not only the modern history of China, but also the history of scientific development, and see how the powerful places of each country are getting up, rather than taking it for granted. The cultivation of innovative talents is also related to our cultural atmosphere. I ask everyone, do you think that our culture encourages innovation? I feel discouraged. Our culture encourages guns to be shot. When someone is in the early stages, like me, especially when someone is attacking me, I I feel that many people are watching jokes. When a person wants to innovate, there is also this problem. What is innovation, innovation is to be a minority, it is controversial. Science and democracy are two concepts. Science never sees the minority obeying the majority, and scientific innovation requires courage. Three years ago, after I won an Israeli award, I was invited to the Israeli Embassy to attend a cocktail reception. During the meeting, Mr. Ambassador told me about how Israelis value education. I also talked with him about how Chinese people value education. He smiled at Mimi and said that your education is different from ours. He gave me an example of the former Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres, saying that when he was in elementary school, he went home every day. His Israeli mother only asked two questions. The first one was "Are you asking a question at school today? "Not coming up," the second "Do you have one thing today to make the teachers and classmates feel impressed". After listening to it, I sighed and said that I had to admit that my two children came back every day. My first sentence was to ask: "Have you heard the teacher today?" I think that my intentions have been reached today, but I want to say that I am not pessimistic. In fact, I am very optimistic. I encourage myself every day: our country is very promising. Especially in the past two years, I really saw hope. Now, whether in the political field or in the field of education, deep thinking and change, this tide has really begun. In such a tide, it is enough for each of us to do one thing well. To tell our own ideas in a realistic way, to do our own thing in our own field is our contribution. In this way, our country will have a great future.

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