A brief discussion on the development of China's top ten technologies in 2011

1.Exploration theory and technical innovation guide discovery of Niu Dongchao deep buried hill oil and gas field

The exploration of medium and shallow buried hill reservoirs in North China is high, but the remaining oil and gas resources in the rich oil sag are still abundant. Through innovation, the concept of refined secondary exploration of oil-rich depressions was put forward. The exploration theory and key technologies of ultra-deep buried hill oil and gas reservoirs were integrated and developed, and major discoveries of ultra-deep, ultra-high-temperature, and extremely high-yield buried hill oil and gas fields in Niudong were implemented on site.

In the theory of hydrocarbon accumulation, the new mechanism of hydrocarbon accumulation and accumulation in buried hills was revealed, a new model for the accumulation of various buried hill formations such as ultra-deep faults was established, and the conditions for oil and gas sources and ultra-deep buried hills with large oil and gas fields were proposed. New understandings about the physical properties of reservoirs are basically not affected by the burial depth; in terms of exploration technology, two key technologies, such as the deep volumetric acid pressure reformation technology for ultra-high temperature carbonate reservoirs, have been integrated and innovated.

Exploration theory and technological innovation have effectively guided the exploration practice of oil and gas resources in the eastern part of China, and achieved major breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration in ultra-deep buried hills. The depth of the Nidong Dongshen buried-hill oil and gas field discovered in the Jizhong Depression is 6,027 meters at a temperature of 201 degrees Celsius, and the test results in a high-yield oil gas flow. It is the deepest, highest-temperature, ultra-high-yield supercurrent discovered in the Bohai Bay Basin and even eastern China. Deep buried hill oil and gas field. The findings are of great significance to the promotion of oil and gas exploration in deep buried hills and indicate that the deep oil and gas resources in the Bohai Bay Basin are abundant. The ultra-deep buried hill is an important new exploration field with great exploration potential.

2. The theory of oil accumulation in the major onshore oil and gas reservoirs breaks through to support the peak of reserves project

A number of innovative achievements have been made in the theory and technology of geological accumulation of large-scale oil and gas reservoirs in China, effectively supporting the peak oil and gas project.

Innovated and developed the geological theory of low-porosity lithological large-scale oil and gas reservoir geology and prediction technology before effective storage, and overcome the technical bottlenecks such as low-permeability and permeability-removing seismic data and effective reservoir prediction; The understanding of geologic theory of reservoir formation in large oil and gas regions of carbonate rocks and the quantified description technology of fracture-cavity units solved the technical difficulties faced by carbonate fracture-cavity reservoir prediction; and innovatively developed the carbonate rock table. The understanding of reservoir geological theory and reservoir and fluid prediction technologies in marginal reef and large-scale oil and gas fields form a new perspective on the formation and distribution of carbonate platform marginal reef beach atmosphere; innovatively developed the complex high-deep and deep structural tectonic atmospheric accumulation The understanding of geological theory and pre-stack imaging techniques for high-deep tectonic earthquakes has captured key technologies such as wide-line and large-scale seismic acquisition, and has greatly improved the quality of imaging; it has innovatively developed the theory of geological knowledge of reservoir formation in volcanic rock formations and the “four-step method”. "The description technology of volcanic reservoirs has overcome the technical bottlenecks of effective reservoir prediction in volcanic rocks.

The application of the results guarantees that China Petroleum will form 15 5-10 billion tons of reserve areas during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period.

3. Oilfield development experimental research series of new technologies and methods have made significant progress

The type of oil and gas resources in China is becoming increasingly complex. It is more important to understand and unveil reservoir characteristics, fluid properties, seepage laws, and oil and gas production characteristics.

Successfully researched and developed 5 new experimental technologies, solved world-class problems such as the measurement of oil-gas-water three-phase fluids and microfluidic fluids, and independently developed three sets of iconic equipments including multi-dimensional and multi-scale high-temperature and high-pressure physics simulation experiment platforms, and seven items supporting them. The new experimental method has applied for 35 patents, 16 patents have been granted, 4 national standards and 6 petroleum industry standards have been formed, and the overall technology has reached the international advanced level; the basic theory has achieved four important innovations: water flooding/chemical flooding The key similarity criteria and physical modeling methods for the physical simulation of the gas flooding process have broken through the problem of fluid dynamic saturation field testing, and the characterization relationships of critical state parameters of crude oil and carbon dioxide systems in continental sedimentary reservoirs have been found, and the proposed bubble point has been established. Pressure and gas breakthrough pressures are the characteristics of foam oil recovery and production pressure.

As the foundation of oilfield development and tertiary oil recovery, the oilfield development experimental research new technologies and methods, effectively support the major basic research of 973, 863 and other countries and companies, promote the upgrading of experimental test methods for development and standardization of industrial development experimental technologies. PetroChina has made significant contributions to the continuous innovation in the experimental field of oil and gas field development and the fact that the tertiary oil recovery technology has maintained international leadership.

4. Key technology breakthroughs in the development of complex reservoirs support the construction of “Overseas Daqing”

The overseas resources of CNPC are mostly oilfields with complex conditions, poor mining conditions, and high technical difficulties, and lack of mature technologies for reference.

After continuous research and development, four major breakthroughs have been made in key technologies for the development of complex types of oil and gas reservoirs under special circumstances: the formation mechanism of layered carbonate reservoirs with micro-fracture as the main percolation channel has been revealed, and the first large-scale carbonate gas and oil field segmentation has been pioneered. Water injection in the stratified layer and injection injection method combining gas cap barrier water injection and oil ring area water injection increase the recovery rate of carbonate rock oil and gas fields by over 13%. It reveals the mechanism of the pressure reduction mining of super heavy oil, and innovatively discontinuous dispersion and dissolution. Design method of energy-efficient use of gas foam displacement and integrated well cold recovery technology for horizontal wells, the oil recovery rate for overweight oil cooling increases by 2.6%; it reveals the mechanism of precipitation of high-solidification oil and the changing law of water drive temperature field. , Innovated the control technology of temperature-controlled non-injurious water injection combined with vertical wells and horizontal wells in large-scale high-condensation oil reservoirs, integrated development of domestic water injection development and residual oil tapping potential technologies, and the new sandstone oilfields achieved rapid production of 15.75 million tons of sandstone and old oil fields. Recovery efficiency increased by 5.6%.

The key technological innovations in the development of complex reservoirs have effectively supported the rapid development of CNPC’s overseas oil and gas business, achieving low-cost and high-efficiency goals, and providing important technological support for the establishment of “Overseas Daqing”.

5. China Petroleum's first comprehensive crack prediction software system was successfully developed

Crack detection is the key to fractured reservoir prediction. The comprehensive earthquake crack prediction software system developed by CNPC is not only the first set of industrialized software systems for prediction of pre-stack seismic data cracks, but also one of the top ten tools for China's petroleum engineering technology, which is to improve China's petroleum engineering technical support capabilities and services. The level is significant.

The fracture prediction software system is based on anisotropic theory, adopts the current advanced design concept of service-oriented architecture, integrates well-shock joint interactive crack analysis, anisotropic prestack fracture prediction, prestack/poststack comprehensive fracture prediction and 3D visualization. Special techniques such as scale crack carving can be operated efficiently under the three major operating systems simultaneously, and comprehensive information such as geology, well logging, and earthquakes can be applied to provide comprehensive integrated solutions for the prediction of complex fractured reservoirs.

As a crack prediction software system with independent intellectual property rights, its key technical indicators are ahead of similar software at home and abroad, reaching the international advanced level. The software system has been applied in the prediction of partial fracture reservoirs, which shows a broad prospect of popularization and application.

6. Well-controlled pressure drilling system successfully developed to solve difficult drilling problems

Controlling pressure drilling is one of the cutting-edge technologies for drilling engineering in the world today, and it is the most effective means to solve the problem of narrow-density window drilling. With the advancement of China's oil and gas exploration and development, the demand for controlled pressure drilling technology has increased.

Independently developed a fully automatic control software with international advanced level, can perform annular pressure monitoring and control, back pressure compensation, ** balance and underbalanced fine controlled pressure drilling operations under various drilling conditions, and integrate hydraulic calculations. The online intelligent monitoring and emergency treatment of the equipment is integrated into the whole system, which realizes closed-loop monitoring of annular pressure and multi-strategy, adaptive safe drilling operations. Based on different geological characteristics and production requirements, the PCDS-I and CQMPD-I ground pressure control devices were successfully developed, and field tests and applications were carried out. The system performance was stable, and effectively solved the "diffusion and leakage coexistence" and other narrow-density window drilling problem. The system has significant industrial application in the Jidong oilfield. Zero leakage is achieved in the leaky formation and the ROP is greatly increased.

PetroChina has successfully developed a fine controlled pressure drilling system with independent intellectual property rights. Its core technologies and indicators have reached the advanced level of similar foreign technologies, and have enhanced the core competitiveness of China's complex deep well drilling technology and drilling engineering technical services.

7. Significant breakthrough in key technology and equipment development for LWD

High-angle wells and horizontal wells have become an important means for oil and gas exploration and development. It is imperative that corresponding LWD collection and evaluation techniques are urgently needed to obtain formation logging information in real time and effectively guide geological orientation and formation evaluation.

CNPC has successfully developed a number of logging tools with independent intellectual property rights such as bearing gamma induction resistivity. Drilling electromagnetic wave resistivity logging tool adopts two transmitting frequencies and six-antenna symmetrical design with four-receiving, intelligent automatic adjustment of electromagnetic wave emission, pulse signal decoding time perturbation, human-computer interaction intelligent decoding, and other technologies, improving data Storage and transmission capacity. The instrument has a large detection depth and high measurement accuracy, reaching the advanced level of similar international products. The controllable source neutron porosity logging tool while drilling uses a pulsed neutron generator to replace the chemical radioactive source. The instrument's pulsed neutron generator, neutron detector, and processing circuitry are integrated into a drill collar to measure formation porosity during drilling.

Field tests and practical applications show that these LWD instruments have formed a basic formation-evaluation LWD series that can accurately provide formation evaluation parameters such as lithology, saturation, and porosity. The data uploaded in real time can reflect changes in stratigraphic horizons and geological parameters, and effectively guide stratigraphic evaluation and geosteering.

8. Localization of complete sets of technologies for gas pipeline key equipment and LNG receiving stations

The key equipment such as high-power electric drive compressors, fuel-driven compressors, and large-diameter valves used by CNPC in the construction of long-distance pipelines for natural gas mainly rely on imports. Previously built and under construction LNG projects have also relied on overseas to provide proprietary technologies. .

Relying on the construction of the Second West-East Pipeline Project, CNPC successfully achieved a 20 MW-class high-speed frequency conversion direct-drive compressor assembly, a 30-MW gas turbine drive compressor assembly, and a 48-inch, 40-inch 900-lb. The three key equipments of the 600-pound large-diameter all-welded ball valve have been made domestically, and commercialization has been realized. The passive situation of long-term dependence on foreign imports has been eliminated, and major breakthroughs have been made in key technologies for long-distance oil and gas pipeline industry.

Through technical research, the construction technology of complete sets of LNG receiving stations, including design, construction, materials, and operation management, has provided an effective tool for the operation and management of LNG receiving stations. The LNG receiving station technology has been successfully applied to LNG receiving stations in Jiangsu and other places, not only breaking the monopoly of foreign technology, reducing project investment and management costs, but also providing a complete set of technologies with independent intellectual property rights for the start-up construction of follow-up projects. It is of great significance for China to improve the construction and management of LNG receiving stations.

9. Venezuela's Key Technology for Lightweight Heavy Oil Completes First Industrialization Test

Following the success of the industrial test of the hydrogen cracking technology for overweight oil residue from Venezuela, the application scale has further expanded. At the same time, Venezuela's delayed coking industrial trials of heavy oil vacuum residues have been a complete success, marking that China Petroleum has initially acquired Venezuela's over-heavy oil thermal processing technology and will provide important technologies for Venezuela's ultra-heavy oil upgrading, viscosity reduction, storage and transportation, and centralized processing. support.

The successful application of the Venezuelan ultra-heavy oil hydrogen thermal cracking technology on a 400,000-ton-year industrial plant was successfully implemented on a 1 million-ton-year industrial plant. After the thermal cracking treatment of hydrogen, Venezuela's viscosity reduction rate of ultra-heavy oil is more than 99%. The long-term storage stability test of modified oil can meet the requirements of oil shipping viscosity and stability.

The Venezuelan delayed coking industrial heavy oil experiment was carried out on a 1 million-ton-scale industrial installation. It used 100% Venezuela's ultra-heavy oil vacuum residue, applied key technologies such as hydrogen donor cycle inhibition and coking to achieve safe and stable processing of vacuum residue of over 30,000 tons. Tons, the yield of coking liquid is more than 60%, and the heating efficiency of the heating furnace is over 92%.

Venezuela’s extra heavy oil is the worst hard oil to be processed in the world. The successful development of thermal processing technology has further enhanced CNPC's innovation capability and competitiveness in this field.

10. Single-line production capacity of the largest nitrile rubber technology for long-term industrial applications

CNPC's independently developed 50,000 t/y nitrile rubber complete set of process technology has been successfully applied to Lanzhou Petrochemical, and the plant has achieved continuous long-term operation. The new rubber grade produced exceeds the level of similar products.

This technology has achieved many innovations: (1) Improve the core technology of process formulation, realize the localization of additives, adopt new emulsification technology, use condensed calcium chloride instead of condensate, and independently develop a variety of new products. (2) Innovative process, with the largest single-line polymerization capacity at home and abroad (25,000 tons per year), using improved polymerizers, and adopting twin-tower tandem process to effectively reduce the residual acrylonitrile content of degassed latex (AN<50ppm). Accurately understand the amount of the molecular weight regulator added and the point of addition, through the adjustment of the polymerization activity system, to maximize the use of recycled butadiene, butadiene emissions only 6% (about 15% of foreign countries). (3) The use of digital simulation technology can simulate changes in various process conditions, without requiring a large number of tests, reducing costs and improving accuracy.

This technology is China's first set of industrialized nitrile rubber production technology with independent intellectual property rights. It has built the first complete digital nitrile rubber system with the largest single-line production capacity at home and abroad, filling the gap in localization of soft rubber.